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Concrete bearing wall design under primarily axial load — empirical method per ACI 318-19 §11.5.3 with slenderness and eccentricity checks
Slenderness ratio: kLc/h ~ 12.0 (k=0.8) → Short wall (kLc/h ≤ 25)
Use factored values (e.g. 1.2D+1.6L). Axial load must be compression (positive).
e/h ratio: e/h = 0.1000 → Within kern (middle third)
k = 0.8 for walls braced at top and bottom; k = 1.0 if unrestrained; k = 2.0 for cantilever.
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